In case you (or others aren’t aware) the FRAG value ZFS shows, is an arbitrary calculation to help give a value to free space fragmentation. The purpose is to

In case you (or others aren’t aware) the FRAG value ZFS shows, is an arbitrary calculation to help give a value to free space fragmentation. The purpose is to have a sense of when ZFS may developing trouble quickly finding contiguous blocks of free space to dump new data into. Mostly only a concern for high active and highly full pools. When you start watching the number climb past double digits, you may start finding performance issues but it’s a very contextual thing, rather than “at x value it’s bad”. Basically it has nothing to do with written file fragmentation, or potential read speed. Because ZFS is a copy on write filsystem, attempts at defragmentation an active pool are generally not effective. An exception would be a pool that is full of large files that was written in a non contiguous way (like torrents), in which case copying the data to a new dataset and deleting the old roughly achieves the purpose. Or you could use something like https://github.com/salesforce/zfs_defrag https://github.com/salesforce/zfs_defrag