right: "Understanding the biophysical basis of consciousness remains a substantial challenge" precisely because there is no such thing. according to the Upaniṣa

right: "Understanding the biophysical basis of consciousness remains a substantial challenge" precisely because there is no such thing. according to the Upaniṣads, consciousness is the Absolute. "How can one know that by which everything is known? How can one know the Knower?" — Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣad