7 ms·

Exploring AArch64 assembler

64 points by b3h3moth 10y ago

Lichtso 10y ago
For those who are interested in running your software on AArch64 hardware directly, without any additional firmware or operating system in between, I've developed a boot loader and tool chain to test and execute unikernels on a Pine64: https://github.com/Lichtso/UnikernelExperiments https://github.com/Lichtso/UnikernelExperiments
- lgeek 10y ago
  Hmm, what are the advantages of using this bootloader over U-Boot? Or is it simply that U-Boot doesn't support Ethernet or some other peripherals on the A64 SoC?
  - Lichtso 10y ago
    On one hand it is very light weight: less than 4k LOC and 16 kB executable (which fits completely in the first stage of SRAM), so it is easier to grasp compared to U-Boot: https://github.com/trini/u-boot/search?q=sunxi&type=Code https://github.com/trini/u-boot/search?q=sunxi&type=Code On the other hand, it has different goals and is just meant to load a blob of instructions over ethernet (faster evaluation cycle) not an entire Linux kernel with all the POSIX / UNIX stuff from SD. So you have far more control but are also on a lower level, somewhat like developing for a more powerful Arduino.
wyldfire 10y ago
Another cool thing you can do is setup the kernel's binfmt handler to run the user-mode qemu emulation automatically.
faragon 10y ago
I recommend the Pine 64 board. I bought one (2GB RAM, gigabit ethernet model, for 29$ [1]), and despite running its 4 cores at just 1.2GHz, it is quite speedy, and rock solid running Debian 24/7 as ARM64 build server. [1] https://www.pine64.org/ https://www.pine64.org/ (I'm not related to Pine, just a satisfied user)
- Palomides 10y ago
  shame it's an allwinner SoC, they seem to have a history of GPL problems and binary blobs.
  - Lichtso 10y ago
    Except from HDMI almost everything is open or reverse engineered. To me it was sill more attractive than the Ordroid-U3 with its Samsung chip, which boots only signed software and is totally undocumented. Same with the PI3 and its GPU code, which is needed to boot.
- conradev 10y ago
  I wish I had know about the Pine 64! I ended up buying an ODROID-C2 (http://www.hardkernel.com/main/products/prdt_info.php http://www.hardkernel.com/main/products/prdt_info.php) when looking for an AArch64 board, which is pretty similar.
  - CountSessine 10y ago
    I think you're better off with the Odroid and it's Amlogic CPU - the Pine 64 has an Allwinner CPU. You'll have fewer headaches getting kernels to build for and run on the Amlogic chip.
ndesaulniers 10y ago
> single-board computers that support the 64-bit mode of ARMv8 are less common hey, you can use Nexus 5x, 6p or Pixel phones! I've been meaning to write a blog post about this.
- mynameislegion 10y ago
  What about iPhones?
dpc_pw 10y ago
This article is very short and shallow. I mean... you can apply it to any architecture that Qemu supports (and there are many). Altogether there are 2 assembler instructions in the whole article. Not much of an exploration... Qemu usermode emulation is nice, but the full-hardware emulation is way more interesting. Eg. in https://github.com/dpc/titanos https://github.com/dpc/titanos - toy kernel for Aarch64 written in our lord-and-saviour programming language: Rust, I use Qemu to run kernel and unittests for that kernel. With Qemu gdb stubs it's like having a software-defined hardware platform with a JTAG debugger attached. `make run` and it runs - no need to plug cables and press reset buttons.
- cikey 10y ago
  nice, from "i dont like this article" to "rust advertising" in 5 sentences?

64 points by b3h3moth 10y ago

For those who are interested in running your software on AArch64 hardware directly, without any additional firmware or operating system in between, I've developed a boot loader and tool chain to test and execute unikernels on a Pine64: https://github.com/Lichtso/UnikernelExperiments https://github.com/Lichtso/UnikernelExperiments

lgeek 10y ago
Hmm, what are the advantages of using this bootloader over U-Boot? Or is it simply that U-Boot doesn't support Ethernet or some other peripherals on the A64 SoC?
- Lichtso 10y ago
  On one hand it is very light weight: less than 4k LOC and 16 kB executable (which fits completely in the first stage of SRAM), so it is easier to grasp compared to U-Boot: https://github.com/trini/u-boot/search?q=sunxi&type=Code https://github.com/trini/u-boot/search?q=sunxi&type=Code On the other hand, it has different goals and is just meant to load a blob of instructions over ethernet (faster evaluation cycle) not an entire Linux kernel with all the POSIX / UNIX stuff from SD. So you have far more control but are also on a lower level, somewhat like developing for a more powerful Arduino.

wyldfire 10y ago

Another cool thing you can do is setup the kernel's binfmt handler to run the user-mode qemu emulation automatically.

faragon 10y ago

I recommend the Pine 64 board. I bought one (2GB RAM, gigabit ethernet model, for 29$ [1]), and despite running its 4 cores at just 1.2GHz, it is quite speedy, and rock solid running Debian 24/7 as ARM64 build server. [1] https://www.pine64.org/ https://www.pine64.org/ (I'm not related to Pine, just a satisfied user)

Palomides 10y ago
shame it's an allwinner SoC, they seem to have a history of GPL problems and binary blobs.
- Lichtso 10y ago
  Except from HDMI almost everything is open or reverse engineered. To me it was sill more attractive than the Ordroid-U3 with its Samsung chip, which boots only signed software and is totally undocumented. Same with the PI3 and its GPU code, which is needed to boot.
conradev 10y ago
I wish I had know about the Pine 64! I ended up buying an ODROID-C2 (http://www.hardkernel.com/main/products/prdt_info.php http://www.hardkernel.com/main/products/prdt_info.php) when looking for an AArch64 board, which is pretty similar.
- CountSessine 10y ago
  I think you're better off with the Odroid and it's Amlogic CPU - the Pine 64 has an Allwinner CPU. You'll have fewer headaches getting kernels to build for and run on the Amlogic chip.

ndesaulniers 10y ago

> single-board computers that support the 64-bit mode of ARMv8 are less common hey, you can use Nexus 5x, 6p or Pixel phones! I've been meaning to write a blog post about this.

mynameislegion 10y ago
What about iPhones?

dpc_pw 10y ago

This article is very short and shallow. I mean... you can apply it to any architecture that Qemu supports (and there are many). Altogether there are 2 assembler instructions in the whole article. Not much of an exploration... Qemu usermode emulation is nice, but the full-hardware emulation is way more interesting. Eg. in https://github.com/dpc/titanos https://github.com/dpc/titanos - toy kernel for Aarch64 written in our lord-and-saviour programming language: Rust, I use Qemu to run kernel and unittests for that kernel. With Qemu gdb stubs it's like having a software-defined hardware platform with a JTAG debugger attached. `make run` and it runs - no need to plug cables and press reset buttons.

cikey 10y ago
nice, from "i dont like this article" to "rust advertising" in 5 sentences?