Indeed. That is why I specifically stated on high performance cars. High performance turbo cars, for example, at WOT generally aim for 11.2-11.8 (pending tuner

Indeed. That is why I specifically stated on high performance cars. High performance turbo cars, for example, at WOT generally aim for 11.2-11.8 (pending tuner preference etc etc, but ballpark) AFRs. GDI cars have the capability of going extremely lean under highway speeds to drastically increase mpg and decrease emissions. This is the beauty of GDI.