Tapo C125 has a built-in physical shutter. Also, every PTZ camera can just turn to face the wall, that would maybe defeat this too (not sure). For the typical

Tapo C125 has a built-in physical shutter. Also, every PTZ camera can just turn to face the wall, that would maybe defeat this too (not sure). For the typical indoor WiFi cameras without battery backup, a simple way to detect them could be to turn all breakers off and on, and listen for their motors rotating on startup. Or make the room dark and listen for the click of the IR cut filter switching to night mode or back.