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I'm a bit out of energy at present but I'll try to put together a comment. From the point of view of a learner it's unfortunate that macrons (diacritical marks
by leoc 1mo ago
I'm a bit out of energy at present but I'll try to put together a comment.
From the point of view of a learner it's unfortunate that macrons (diacritical marks for long vowels) have not been added to the text, and that 'u's have not been altered to 'v's where appropriate.
The word-by-word treatment of translation makes this broadly a part of the category of interlinear texts. For comparison here's one of the early pages of Max Müller's 1864 Sanskrit-to-English interlinear of the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitopadesha https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitopadesha : https://archive.org/details/firstbookofhitop00ml/page/2/mode/1up https://archive.org/details/firstbookofhitop00ml/page/2/mode... . This is part of a revival of interlinear texts, as a resource for language learners, which traces back to John Locke but really caught on in the English-speaking world in the early nineteenth century thanks to James Hamilton. It's unusual for "traditional" interlinears in having one row which gives a(n explicit) morphological gloss of each word in the original (the "da, 3 sg. Pres. Par" and so on) in the same column as the original word, an English translation of the word, and (in this case) a transliteration. But morphological glosses are a standard feature of modern "interlinear morphemic glosses" https://www.christianlehmann.eu/ling/ling_meth/ling_description/grammaticography/gloss/index.php https://www.christianlehmann.eu/ling/ling_meth/ling_descript... made by and for linguists who want to analyse and compare languages, rather than learn them. Linguists' adoption of modern IMGs seems to have taken off in the 1960s (though some use has been made of interlinears for "serious" linguistic purposes since at least the 1890s beginnings of the Linguistic Survey of India https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_Survey_of_India https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_Survey_of_India ).
https://theamericanscholar.org/the-new-old-way-of-learning-languages/ https://theamericanscholar.org/the-new-old-way-of-learning-l... is a very incomplete history of interlinears (the French are especially shortchanged) but probably still the best thing out there in English. See also https://www.reddit.com/r/interlinear https://www.reddit.com/r/interlinear . (I have to release some things about the history of interlinears myself but I'm years late at this point.)
https://shop.hyplern.com https://shop.hyplern.com (might as well add an affiliate link! https://invi.tt/N5VZXP7g https://invi.tt/N5VZXP7g ) and https://interlinearbooks.com/ https://interlinearbooks.com/ are two publishers offering modern interlinears aimed at language learners. The polished but expensive Legentibus service https://legentibus.com/ https://legentibus.com/ offers some interlinears too.
Guess who Vincent F. Hopper https://archive.org/details/chaucerscanterbu0000chau_k0e4 https://archive.org/details/chaucerscanterbu0000chau_k0e4 was for a time married to!