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Aside from being more flexible they are mostly the same game. The original excuse for bedrock was that Java was slow and a native game would render much better,

Aside from being more flexible they are mostly the same game. The original excuse for bedrock was that Java was slow and a native game would render much better, it was also easier to put shaders in a a native codebase. But Java edition is pretty performant nowadays and computers also got much more stronger than the game became heavier

Philip-J-Fry 2mo ago
As far as I can remember the origins of Bedrock are the original console releases which couldn't ship a JVM. So a whole new codebase was developed, and ultimately it was more performant as it had to run on 7th gen consoles.
- ThatPlayer 2mo ago
  Console releases were done by a different studio originally, 4J Studios. Bedrock spawned from the mobile ports, and eventually replaced the console editions and had different features.
LtdJorge 2mo ago
Java edition still horribly underperforms. It’s mostly single-threaded and even if they’ve rewritten the lighting engine a few times (those decade old black-block bugs disappeared), the Sodium family of mods show you how much it can be improved.
- avarun 2mo ago
  Sure, but the fact that you can just install Sodium completely obviates the need for the Bedrock version to exist at all.