Scientists and consultants both build models. The scientists do, Step 1: Build Model Step 2: Think of implications Step 3: Check if observations make sense

Scientists and consultants both build models. The scientists do, Step 1: Build Model Step 2: Think of implications Step 3: Check if observations make sense based on implications Step 4: If wrong, refine model or go back to Step 1. If right, submit to other people and ask them to verify. The consultants do, Step 1: Build model. Step 2: Tell people this is the right model.