5 ms·

Especially relevant as the structure of aging is different relative to the rate of cellular replacement. The more frequently cells replicate the faster they ac

Especially relevant as the structure of aging is different relative to the rate of cellular replacement. The more frequently cells replicate the faster they accumulate transcription error. Mice have a cell doubling rate far FAR higher than humans, so we would expect a wildly different pattern in encoding.

monero-xmr 3y ago
When mice take over they will discover every mouse disease cured, and they won’t need mouse doctors.
- jfoutz 3y ago
  They might be pissed when they find out the vast majority of cures kill the patient.
aatd86 3y ago
Reminds me that there is a whole thing about using vitamin A on the internet to have youthful skin. But I was wondering if that even was a wise thing to do given that it simply accelerate cell turnover in the epidermis if I'm not mistaken. If so, doesn't it mean premature aging of the skin? (a bit of a tangent :o)
- qwerty456127 3y ago
  Isn't it also an anti-oxidant capable of lowering the chance of an error at any given step? I would intuitively expect lower DNA corruption rate in an individual exposed to UV (or any other kind of) radiation if they have abundance of retinol and other anti-oxidants (including tocopherol and beta-carotene) in their body.
  - aatd86 3y ago
    No clue. I have just had a cursory look and you might be right. If telomere shortening is a symptom of oxidative stress and not a cause, might well be that vitamin A could protect against aging despite accelerating cells turnover. If someone else knows more...?
    - RelativeDelta 3y ago
      Sadly unlikely. Excess Retinol concentrations do not reduce the rate of base transcription error, nor do they prevent passive oxidative stress. What they do is preempt extra-environmental stress and the resultant write error. This is less protective and more avoidive. IE, if you have less Retinol then you are genetically optimized for you will accrue slightly more oxidative stress as a result of your deficiency. Supplements can prevent this particular stress by alleviating deficiency, but they can't reduce it beyond whatever your base rate is.
      - qwerty456127 3y ago
        Do I get it right you still better have slightly elevated retinol when you get exposed to excessive environmental radiation (UV or whatever, e.g. go surfing in summer in Australia or take an overseas flight) yet avoid having too much of it in other cases?
        RelativeDelta 3y ago
        Exactly correct, but perhaps not in the way you think. Having excess retinol does not offer 'protection' in the literal sense. It does not shield your DNA as it replicates to replace the cells that died at the elevated rate of death due to UV exposure. Rather, retinol is rare (% of bodymass) and is a key component of the chain of cell duplication. Having excess retinol available means your processes won't 'run out' of it when they need it. This protects from the biological equivalent of 'cutting corners' in manufacturing and THIS is how it reduces transcription error. It's preventative by way of avoiding a deprivation. If you are anticipating any excess cell death for any reason, it is better to have a slight oversupply of retinol as well as a variety of other antioxidants. The benefits are (literally) microscopic but are cumulative over a lifespan. Think of it a bit like brushing your teeth. You're not rebuilding enamel, you're preventing it's loss.

monero-xmr 3y ago

When mice take over they will discover every mouse disease cured, and they won’t need mouse doctors.

jfoutz 3y ago
They might be pissed when they find out the vast majority of cures kill the patient.

aatd86 3y ago

Reminds me that there is a whole thing about using vitamin A on the internet to have youthful skin. But I was wondering if that even was a wise thing to do given that it simply accelerate cell turnover in the epidermis if I'm not mistaken. If so, doesn't it mean premature aging of the skin? (a bit of a tangent :o)

qwerty456127 3y ago
Isn't it also an anti-oxidant capable of lowering the chance of an error at any given step? I would intuitively expect lower DNA corruption rate in an individual exposed to UV (or any other kind of) radiation if they have abundance of retinol and other anti-oxidants (including tocopherol and beta-carotene) in their body.
- aatd86 3y ago
  No clue. I have just had a cursory look and you might be right. If telomere shortening is a symptom of oxidative stress and not a cause, might well be that vitamin A could protect against aging despite accelerating cells turnover. If someone else knows more...?
  - RelativeDelta 3y ago
    Sadly unlikely. Excess Retinol concentrations do not reduce the rate of base transcription error, nor do they prevent passive oxidative stress. What they do is preempt extra-environmental stress and the resultant write error. This is less protective and more avoidive. IE, if you have less Retinol then you are genetically optimized for you will accrue slightly more oxidative stress as a result of your deficiency. Supplements can prevent this particular stress by alleviating deficiency, but they can't reduce it beyond whatever your base rate is.
    - qwerty456127 3y ago
      Do I get it right you still better have slightly elevated retinol when you get exposed to excessive environmental radiation (UV or whatever, e.g. go surfing in summer in Australia or take an overseas flight) yet avoid having too much of it in other cases?
      - RelativeDelta 3y ago
        Exactly correct, but perhaps not in the way you think. Having excess retinol does not offer 'protection' in the literal sense. It does not shield your DNA as it replicates to replace the cells that died at the elevated rate of death due to UV exposure. Rather, retinol is rare (% of bodymass) and is a key component of the chain of cell duplication. Having excess retinol available means your processes won't 'run out' of it when they need it. This protects from the biological equivalent of 'cutting corners' in manufacturing and THIS is how it reduces transcription error. It's preventative by way of avoiding a deprivation. If you are anticipating any excess cell death for any reason, it is better to have a slight oversupply of retinol as well as a variety of other antioxidants. The benefits are (literally) microscopic but are cumulative over a lifespan. Think of it a bit like brushing your teeth. You're not rebuilding enamel, you're preventing it's loss.