D's string is not text by itself because it is an array of UTF-8 code units. However, we have this infamous feature called auto-decoding in the standard library

D's string is not text by itself because it is an array of UTF-8 code units. However, we have this infamous feature called auto-decoding in the standard library that presents strings as unicode code points. On the other hand, D's dstrings are more like text because they are not only UTF-32 but also random-accessible code points. (D does not address multiple representations of graphemes at language level. For example, at language level, ğ is different from "g and combining breve" but there are std.uni and std.utf modules that help.)