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I’ve heard this theory a few times but it doesn’t sound very plausible: could you speak more to why you think the goal was always to mine wifi network informati

I’ve heard this theory a few times but it doesn’t sound very plausible: could you speak more to why you think the goal was always to mine wifi network information? We know that Google was doing that, but I thought it was an after thought associated with street view, not the motivation for street view.

deleted 4y ago
[deleted]
wongarsu 4y ago
I would have gone with "they mined wifi network information to use in Android's location system", but while the data was almost certainly used for that I'm not sure the timeline lines up for that to factor into greenlighting the project.
nerdponx 4y ago
Because why else would you do it?
mccorrinall 4y ago
I don’t think they cared about unencrypted networks, but more about the ssid and macs of devices. Today they use Wi-Fi networks near you to determine your position when GPS is not available.
ethanbond 4y ago
1) What would be the rationale for such a project otherwise, per GP? 2) What especially would be the rationale to put a wardriving expert on the project? “Data-hungry advertising network grows sensor array with cars” is far more believable to me than “data-hungry advertising network maps the world for free.” Getting email address, CC info, passwords, names, Wi-Fi SSIDs, MAC addresses, etc all lined up with precise physical locations? That’s of value to the company. Having pictures of houses? Not sure what value that has to the company, and if it had any it’ll be similarly just an input into the same advertising algos.
- foobarian 4y ago
  1) The Google that built Street View is not the soul-less, profit-and-shareholder-value-optimizing enterprise it is today. There is no chance they would greenlight that project in 2022 if it didn't exist yet.
  - ethanbond 4y ago
    They just happened to have a wardriver on a project that looked an awful lot like wardriving?
    - foobarian 4y ago
      When you are doing an expensive operation such as putting a driver in the field traversing thousands of road miles, it makes sense to collect as much data as humanly possible from that platform instead of realizing later that there are certain things you wanted but can't repeat the driving easily. Or, you think of things to do with the data you never imagined before. The SSID collection only turned out controversial later, and they adjusted their data collection. I still don't really see a problem with it, TBH. You radiate into public space, you bear the consequences.
      - ethanbond 4y ago
        Yes this does make sense if you are, at bottom, an advertising company... in need of data... In which case your "putting a driver in the field traversing thousands of road miles" is called "wardriving." Walmart's fleet, for example, drives 700 million miles. How much data do you think they "accidentally" sniffed and recorded? I'll bet precisely zero bytes, because they are moving goods, and when that's a company's MO it makes no sense to have wardriving equipment or expertise involved.
        foobarian 4y ago
        > How much data do you think they "accidentally" sniffed and recorded? I'll bet precisely zero bytes, because they are moving goods I'll bet dollars to donuts they track exactly where their vehicles go, and penalize drivers that exceed a certain deviation from the expected route/timing. Either way seem like perfectly legal things to do.
dspillett 4y ago
I doubt it was the only reason, a large part of the project IMO being a show of technical prowess, a “come and compete with us if you think you're hard enough” message, but I similarly doubt it was at all an afterthought. Location information is valuable for advertising and other uses, and if you combine many users turning GPS off to conserve battery¹ when they didn't specifically need it, with cell-based location information not being particularly fine-grained[2][3], being able to track location by wireless AP proximity is a pretty valuable extra option. I expect there would have been a fair few people tasked with coming up with ideas for how to collect enough data for it to be a practical option⁴. [1] IIRC this was before easy controls to stop apps having access to location data if the hardware was turned on [2] in a crowded city you might be able to track someone to within less than half a mile, but elsewhere this potential error is much higher [3] or available at all due to reception issues [4] StreetView came before Android saw public release, so siphoning off location data from users of that OS would not have been an option that early, and even if it was would still rely on GPS use to make the data usefully accurate
- labcomputer 4y ago
  Also, many devices didn't have built-in GPS (the original iPhone, for one), so how do you run location services? There were, at the time, several crowd-sourced sites of Wifi AP locations, which devices could use to estimate location from Wifi RSSI. So making a private, comprehensive database of the same is a pretty obvious task for a company that is either trying to catalog the world's information, or that wants to do something with location-based services on mobile devices in the future. Beyond that, getting an approximate location first is useful, even if you do plan to use GPS. It takes up to 30 seconds to download the ephemeris for a GPS satellite over the air (assuming no uncorrectable errors), after first locking on to the frequency and PRN of each satellite. Cold-start times of 5 minutes under realistic urban conditions were not unusual. Do you want to wait 5 minutes for the map to load on your phone? However, knowing your approximate location (from nearby APs) narrows the PRN and frequency search space (and you also know which satellites are above the horizon). With ephemeris data downloaded over the internet, every cold start can be as fast as a warm start: Just a couple seconds. There are plenty of reasons to think that Google intended to war drive from the beginning.

deleted 4y ago

[deleted]

wongarsu 4y ago

I would have gone with "they mined wifi network information to use in Android's location system", but while the data was almost certainly used for that I'm not sure the timeline lines up for that to factor into greenlighting the project.

nerdponx 4y ago

Because why else would you do it?

mccorrinall 4y ago

I don’t think they cared about unencrypted networks, but more about the ssid and macs of devices. Today they use Wi-Fi networks near you to determine your position when GPS is not available.

ethanbond 4y ago

1) What would be the rationale for such a project otherwise, per GP? 2) What especially would be the rationale to put a wardriving expert on the project? “Data-hungry advertising network grows sensor array with cars” is far more believable to me than “data-hungry advertising network maps the world for free.” Getting email address, CC info, passwords, names, Wi-Fi SSIDs, MAC addresses, etc all lined up with precise physical locations? That’s of value to the company. Having pictures of houses? Not sure what value that has to the company, and if it had any it’ll be similarly just an input into the same advertising algos.

foobarian 4y ago
1) The Google that built Street View is not the soul-less, profit-and-shareholder-value-optimizing enterprise it is today. There is no chance they would greenlight that project in 2022 if it didn't exist yet.
- ethanbond 4y ago
  They just happened to have a wardriver on a project that looked an awful lot like wardriving?
  - foobarian 4y ago
    When you are doing an expensive operation such as putting a driver in the field traversing thousands of road miles, it makes sense to collect as much data as humanly possible from that platform instead of realizing later that there are certain things you wanted but can't repeat the driving easily. Or, you think of things to do with the data you never imagined before. The SSID collection only turned out controversial later, and they adjusted their data collection. I still don't really see a problem with it, TBH. You radiate into public space, you bear the consequences.
    - ethanbond 4y ago
      Yes this does make sense if you are, at bottom, an advertising company... in need of data... In which case your "putting a driver in the field traversing thousands of road miles" is called "wardriving." Walmart's fleet, for example, drives 700 million miles. How much data do you think they "accidentally" sniffed and recorded? I'll bet precisely zero bytes, because they are moving goods, and when that's a company's MO it makes no sense to have wardriving equipment or expertise involved.
      - foobarian 4y ago
        > How much data do you think they "accidentally" sniffed and recorded? I'll bet precisely zero bytes, because they are moving goods I'll bet dollars to donuts they track exactly where their vehicles go, and penalize drivers that exceed a certain deviation from the expected route/timing. Either way seem like perfectly legal things to do.

dspillett 4y ago

I doubt it was the only reason, a large part of the project IMO being a show of technical prowess, a “come and compete with us if you think you're hard enough” message, but I similarly doubt it was at all an afterthought. Location information is valuable for advertising and other uses, and if you combine many users turning GPS off to conserve battery¹ when they didn't specifically need it, with cell-based location information not being particularly fine-grained[2][3], being able to track location by wireless AP proximity is a pretty valuable extra option. I expect there would have been a fair few people tasked with coming up with ideas for how to collect enough data for it to be a practical option⁴. [1] IIRC this was before easy controls to stop apps having access to location data if the hardware was turned on [2] in a crowded city you might be able to track someone to within less than half a mile, but elsewhere this potential error is much higher [3] or available at all due to reception issues [4] StreetView came before Android saw public release, so siphoning off location data from users of that OS would not have been an option that early, and even if it was would still rely on GPS use to make the data usefully accurate

labcomputer 4y ago
Also, many devices didn't have built-in GPS (the original iPhone, for one), so how do you run location services? There were, at the time, several crowd-sourced sites of Wifi AP locations, which devices could use to estimate location from Wifi RSSI. So making a private, comprehensive database of the same is a pretty obvious task for a company that is either trying to catalog the world's information, or that wants to do something with location-based services on mobile devices in the future. Beyond that, getting an approximate location first is useful, even if you do plan to use GPS. It takes up to 30 seconds to download the ephemeris for a GPS satellite over the air (assuming no uncorrectable errors), after first locking on to the frequency and PRN of each satellite. Cold-start times of 5 minutes under realistic urban conditions were not unusual. Do you want to wait 5 minutes for the map to load on your phone? However, knowing your approximate location (from nearby APs) narrows the PRN and frequency search space (and you also know which satellites are above the horizon). With ephemeris data downloaded over the internet, every cold start can be as fast as a warm start: Just a couple seconds. There are plenty of reasons to think that Google intended to war drive from the beginning.