From a business strategy perspective, it makes a lot of sense not to eat the credit card risk, otherwise you commit yourself to a very bad position: scammers wi

From a business strategy perspective, it makes a lot of sense not to eat the credit card risk, otherwise you commit yourself to a very bad position: scammers will signup on your platform as both buyers and sellers and effectively launder stolen credit cards. From a labor rights perspective, they are clearly not a small business that can take contractual risk, they are a de facto employee dependent on the revenue the Upwork platform generates. Withholding payment for work done is a major abuse. Each side has their truth and I cannot see how it can be resolved in the general case without regulatory intervention in the area of platform labor.