8 ms·

"Steve Jobs' New Machine for the '90s: the NeXT Computer" (BYTE magazine)

45 points by A_A 16y ago

aspir 16y ago
Did anyone else first read "8 Gigabytes of RAM" before doing a double take? Moore's law is a powerful force indeed
- drats 16y ago
  Indeed. 25 megahertz and 8 megabytes of RAM for $6500 ($11.5k in today's dollars). And a machine with 2.5 gigahertz and 8 giabytes of RAM can be had for under $1000 today; as much storage as the NeXT harddrive can be found on a $10 usb key. 1000 times more powerful, 1/10th of the price in two decades. We live in an incredible age, people too often forget. It's these machines which indirectly enable so much as well. People like to talk about the cloud a lot, but video that gets uploaded to YouTube has to be edited somewhere. Now while it's true that YouTube has a flash based editor now, they didn't before they got big. And there is all the other video, HD quality, out there that needs to be edited on beefy machines: 3D modelling, games, music et cetera.
A_A 16y ago
Consider the innovations at that time (c 1988/89) "It sports the first commercially available erasable optical drive and advanced VLSI (very-large-scale integration) technology, and it comes with a built-in digital signal processor. On the software side, the Unix-based cube features an object-oriented version of C as its standard programming environment. It uses Display PostScript to present a graphical user interface that shields users from the traditionally user-hostile Unix command syntax, and it offers easy access to the cube's considerable power." Design - "The cube is starkly simple in appearance and physical layout... The cube's internal construction mirrors the simplicity of its exterior" Hardware - a 25 MHz 68030, with DSP; SCSI peripherals; 670Mb optical drive; 8 MB of RAM (4 MB optionally available, for lower price)
- spitfire 16y ago
  The funny thing is, I regularly used my NeXTstation turbo right up until 2002. It still felt fast with 128meg ram+fast hard drive. Coupled with the NeXTlaser I was able to keep up with modern life. I had Mathematica, pagemaker, openwrite, email, omniweb, etc. In fact, even today you could use it as a usable desktop. I still find it amazing that we've gone from 8meg to 8192meg ram and two orders of magnitude cpu power but we've done very little with it. We've moved video decoding onto the main cpu, offloaded graphics to a specialized chip and that's about it. (Note: Next's shipped with a DSP similar to gpgpu today.) Now I sort of want to buy a nextstation again and see if I can live a month just on that. EDIT: I should note that there's STILL no replacement for Quantrix and Lotus Improv. They are miles away better than excel/traditional spreadsheets. If someone cloned quantrix for OSX I'd buy it.
  - fractallyte 16y ago
    Huh?? Quantrix is still around, and there's an OSX version available - I know, because I have it!
    - spitfire 16y ago
      It's written in java and it just isn't quite the same as the old next quantrix. Doesn't play as nice as native nextstep quantrix does.
      - fractallyte 16y ago
        Yes, it's certainly a downside. And one would think they'd release a Linux version too, in that case... That's why I prefer to use Lotus Improv under WINE ;-)
- glhaynes 16y ago
  Though they don't tend to get mentioned, I'd throw .app bundles into that list, too. The idea of moving an entire double-clickable app around as a single opaque icon (but that can be easily drilled into without special binary-parsing tools) has always appealed to me. And couple it with fat/universal binaries, and you've really got something special. As someone who just installed their first instance of Windows x64, the difference between that world of having both "Internet Explorer" and "Internet Explorer (64-bit)" icons and a world where a complete system image from a 32-bit PowerPC can be booted seamlessly (with all apps still working) on a 64-bit Intel processor is stark indeed.
mambodog 16y ago
If this stuff is of interest to you, here's Steve giving a half-hour demonstration of NeXTSTEP 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j02b8Fuz73A http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j02b8Fuz73A
- citizenkeys 16y ago
  damn... you beat me to it. That video never gets old. Steve actually explaining some technical details and not just being cool.
  - mambodog 16y ago
    It also shows he obviously had somewhat of an unhealthy obsession with the "Stencil" typeface :)
    - quux 16y ago
      Lol, that made my morning.. thanks
thought_alarm 16y ago
Fun Facts about the original Cube: * A single cable connects the Cube to its monitor (with speakers and microphone). A single cable connects the monitor to the keyboard. And a single cable connects the keyboard to the mouse. * Neither the Cube nor its monitor have any buttons, switches, or controls. The only way to turn the machine on is by pressing the Power key on the keyboard (which is connected to the monitor). It's basically a giant laptop split into 4 parts. * Likewise, there's no way to turn the monitor off while the system is running. However, the OS will automatically lower its brightness after a period of inactivity. * Startup takes a long time. Pressing the power key while the system is booting up will interrupt the boot sequence and begin the shutdown sequence. * The keyboard has no Caps Lock key. Caps Lock is engaged by pressing Command+Shift which will light up matching LEDs on both Shift keys. The Control key is where it's meant to be, next to the "A". * The keyboard has no row of function keys. The Escape key is located next to the "1" key, where the tilde would be. But if you press Shift+Escape as if to type a tilde character, you will still get a tilde character. * The timing of the NEXTSTEP beachball is effectively identical to that of the OS X beachball.
- erikstarck 16y ago
  The caps lock key just has to be the most useless waste of space on a standard qwerty keyboard. I don't think I have ever used it unless you count the times when you accidentally PRESS IT. Woops.
  - pmjordan 16y ago
    You can easily remap it to another modifier key on OSX in the system preferences. Other OSes/Windowing systems typically require a modified keyboard layout, but you might be able to find software to do it easily.
    - djkivi 16y ago
      KeyTweak is how I do it on Windows: http://webpages.charter.net/krumsick/ http://webpages.charter.net/krumsick/
    - 16y ago
deleted 16y ago
[deleted]
yardie 16y ago
This article makes me reminisce about the Color Turboslab I had in uni. Functionally, it was limited because I didn't have much software I could run on it but the layout and design was pure genius. I had this, a few sparcstations, an indigo and an Alpha. All acquired at university auctions. I eventually had to put them out when I graduated. My car wasn't going to hold all the stuff I had acquired and something had to give.
RexRollman 16y ago
In 1996, I bought a used TurboSlab from a company called Spherical Solutions, which was run by a man named Sam Goldberger (IIRC). I loved that machine and the Nextstep 3.3 install media that came with it even had x86 binaries, so I was able to install it on the PC I owned at the time (a Micron Millenia with a 200mhz Pentium Pro). I would have upgraded it to Openstep 4 but Next wanted something like $900.00 for it. I loved Nextstep and I still prefer it to Mac OS X, even though the latter has became something far prettier. I really should see if I can run it via emulation, like I can with BeOS, another favorite OS of mine.
- redacted 16y ago
  It is definitely possible to run Openstep in VMware, I used to do it. Not everything works, but it is very cool to see all the parts of that OS that made it into OS X. edit: here's a helpful blog post by one of the VMware guys: http://blogs.vmware.com/teamfusion/2008/05/weekend-geek-ou.html http://blogs.vmware.com/teamfusion/2008/05/weekend-geek-ou.h...
  - RexRollman 16y ago
    Thanks!
raffi 16y ago
These are amazing machines. I have a Cube and a Colorstation stashed at my father's house. I picked them up on the cheap in the early 00's. The desktop felt completely modern but it was lacking modern applications. CubX remedied this though. I had a laptop with a broken screen that I put Linux on. I then ran netscape (who remembers netscape?) and other applications via an exported X session. Good times.
jasongullickson 16y ago
Funny that most of you are holding that code in your hand...
- jbrennan 16y ago
  For those not in the know, he's referring to iOS, which is modified Mac OS X which is modified NeXTSTEP. It's truly wonderful this OS lives on.
- A_A 16y ago
  Indeed. What struck me as I was ogling at the Macbook Air 11" in an Apple store in my neighborhood was how Steve Jobs still holds true to his artist vision of a beautiful product - one that is both externally (visually, viscerally) and internally (experience-wise) a joy to use.
FiddlerClamp 16y ago
Beautiful machine - like the Mac Cube. I wonder if the experience with NeXT, though, helped shape Jobs' ideas about pricing, interoperability, and backwards compatibility when he returned to Apple.
jonhendry 16y ago
Incidentally, I just contacted ColorWare to suggest that they offer "NeXT Black", the paint used on the Cube, as an option. I found the paint specification online in an old NeXT document for developers of NeXTBus expansion cards for the Cube. (http://www.nextcomputers.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=136&start=0&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=&sid=62ead926ef12dc8217c7c736a256980e http://www.nextcomputers.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=136&...) Yes, 3rd party hardware developers were expected to make sure the card-end panel face matched the cube's color, rather than being unsightly bare steel.

45 points by A_A 16y ago

aspir 16y ago

Did anyone else first read "8 Gigabytes of RAM" before doing a double take? Moore's law is a powerful force indeed

drats 16y ago
Indeed. 25 megahertz and 8 megabytes of RAM for $6500 ($11.5k in today's dollars). And a machine with 2.5 gigahertz and 8 giabytes of RAM can be had for under $1000 today; as much storage as the NeXT harddrive can be found on a $10 usb key. 1000 times more powerful, 1/10th of the price in two decades. We live in an incredible age, people too often forget. It's these machines which indirectly enable so much as well. People like to talk about the cloud a lot, but video that gets uploaded to YouTube has to be edited somewhere. Now while it's true that YouTube has a flash based editor now, they didn't before they got big. And there is all the other video, HD quality, out there that needs to be edited on beefy machines: 3D modelling, games, music et cetera.

A_A 16y ago

Consider the innovations at that time (c 1988/89) "It sports the first commercially available erasable optical drive and advanced VLSI (very-large-scale integration) technology, and it comes with a built-in digital signal processor. On the software side, the Unix-based cube features an object-oriented version of C as its standard programming environment. It uses Display PostScript to present a graphical user interface that shields users from the traditionally user-hostile Unix command syntax, and it offers easy access to the cube's considerable power." Design - "The cube is starkly simple in appearance and physical layout... The cube's internal construction mirrors the simplicity of its exterior" Hardware - a 25 MHz 68030, with DSP; SCSI peripherals; 670Mb optical drive; 8 MB of RAM (4 MB optionally available, for lower price)

spitfire 16y ago
The funny thing is, I regularly used my NeXTstation turbo right up until 2002. It still felt fast with 128meg ram+fast hard drive. Coupled with the NeXTlaser I was able to keep up with modern life. I had Mathematica, pagemaker, openwrite, email, omniweb, etc. In fact, even today you could use it as a usable desktop. I still find it amazing that we've gone from 8meg to 8192meg ram and two orders of magnitude cpu power but we've done very little with it. We've moved video decoding onto the main cpu, offloaded graphics to a specialized chip and that's about it. (Note: Next's shipped with a DSP similar to gpgpu today.) Now I sort of want to buy a nextstation again and see if I can live a month just on that. EDIT: I should note that there's STILL no replacement for Quantrix and Lotus Improv. They are miles away better than excel/traditional spreadsheets. If someone cloned quantrix for OSX I'd buy it.
- fractallyte 16y ago
  Huh?? Quantrix is still around, and there's an OSX version available - I know, because I have it!
  - spitfire 16y ago
    It's written in java and it just isn't quite the same as the old next quantrix. Doesn't play as nice as native nextstep quantrix does.
    - fractallyte 16y ago
      Yes, it's certainly a downside. And one would think they'd release a Linux version too, in that case... That's why I prefer to use Lotus Improv under WINE ;-)
glhaynes 16y ago
Though they don't tend to get mentioned, I'd throw .app bundles into that list, too. The idea of moving an entire double-clickable app around as a single opaque icon (but that can be easily drilled into without special binary-parsing tools) has always appealed to me. And couple it with fat/universal binaries, and you've really got something special. As someone who just installed their first instance of Windows x64, the difference between that world of having both "Internet Explorer" and "Internet Explorer (64-bit)" icons and a world where a complete system image from a 32-bit PowerPC can be booted seamlessly (with all apps still working) on a 64-bit Intel processor is stark indeed.

mambodog 16y ago

If this stuff is of interest to you, here's Steve giving a half-hour demonstration of NeXTSTEP 3: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j02b8Fuz73A http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j02b8Fuz73A

citizenkeys 16y ago
damn... you beat me to it. That video never gets old. Steve actually explaining some technical details and not just being cool.
- mambodog 16y ago
  It also shows he obviously had somewhat of an unhealthy obsession with the "Stencil" typeface :)
  - quux 16y ago
    Lol, that made my morning.. thanks

thought_alarm 16y ago

Fun Facts about the original Cube: * A single cable connects the Cube to its monitor (with speakers and microphone). A single cable connects the monitor to the keyboard. And a single cable connects the keyboard to the mouse. * Neither the Cube nor its monitor have any buttons, switches, or controls. The only way to turn the machine on is by pressing the Power key on the keyboard (which is connected to the monitor). It's basically a giant laptop split into 4 parts. * Likewise, there's no way to turn the monitor off while the system is running. However, the OS will automatically lower its brightness after a period of inactivity. * Startup takes a long time. Pressing the power key while the system is booting up will interrupt the boot sequence and begin the shutdown sequence. * The keyboard has no Caps Lock key. Caps Lock is engaged by pressing Command+Shift which will light up matching LEDs on both Shift keys. The Control key is where it's meant to be, next to the "A". * The keyboard has no row of function keys. The Escape key is located next to the "1" key, where the tilde would be. But if you press Shift+Escape as if to type a tilde character, you will still get a tilde character. * The timing of the NEXTSTEP beachball is effectively identical to that of the OS X beachball.

erikstarck 16y ago
The caps lock key just has to be the most useless waste of space on a standard qwerty keyboard. I don't think I have ever used it unless you count the times when you accidentally PRESS IT. Woops.
- pmjordan 16y ago
  You can easily remap it to another modifier key on OSX in the system preferences. Other OSes/Windowing systems typically require a modified keyboard layout, but you might be able to find software to do it easily.
  - djkivi 16y ago
    KeyTweak is how I do it on Windows: http://webpages.charter.net/krumsick/ http://webpages.charter.net/krumsick/
  - 16y ago

deleted 16y ago

[deleted]

yardie 16y ago

This article makes me reminisce about the Color Turboslab I had in uni. Functionally, it was limited because I didn't have much software I could run on it but the layout and design was pure genius. I had this, a few sparcstations, an indigo and an Alpha. All acquired at university auctions. I eventually had to put them out when I graduated. My car wasn't going to hold all the stuff I had acquired and something had to give.

RexRollman 16y ago

In 1996, I bought a used TurboSlab from a company called Spherical Solutions, which was run by a man named Sam Goldberger (IIRC). I loved that machine and the Nextstep 3.3 install media that came with it even had x86 binaries, so I was able to install it on the PC I owned at the time (a Micron Millenia with a 200mhz Pentium Pro). I would have upgraded it to Openstep 4 but Next wanted something like $900.00 for it. I loved Nextstep and I still prefer it to Mac OS X, even though the latter has became something far prettier. I really should see if I can run it via emulation, like I can with BeOS, another favorite OS of mine.

redacted 16y ago
It is definitely possible to run Openstep in VMware, I used to do it. Not everything works, but it is very cool to see all the parts of that OS that made it into OS X. edit: here's a helpful blog post by one of the VMware guys: http://blogs.vmware.com/teamfusion/2008/05/weekend-geek-ou.html http://blogs.vmware.com/teamfusion/2008/05/weekend-geek-ou.h...
- RexRollman 16y ago
  Thanks!

raffi 16y ago

These are amazing machines. I have a Cube and a Colorstation stashed at my father's house. I picked them up on the cheap in the early 00's. The desktop felt completely modern but it was lacking modern applications. CubX remedied this though. I had a laptop with a broken screen that I put Linux on. I then ran netscape (who remembers netscape?) and other applications via an exported X session. Good times.

jasongullickson 16y ago

Funny that most of you are holding that code in your hand...

jbrennan 16y ago
For those not in the know, he's referring to iOS, which is modified Mac OS X which is modified NeXTSTEP. It's truly wonderful this OS lives on.
A_A 16y ago
Indeed. What struck me as I was ogling at the Macbook Air 11" in an Apple store in my neighborhood was how Steve Jobs still holds true to his artist vision of a beautiful product - one that is both externally (visually, viscerally) and internally (experience-wise) a joy to use.

FiddlerClamp 16y ago

Beautiful machine - like the Mac Cube. I wonder if the experience with NeXT, though, helped shape Jobs' ideas about pricing, interoperability, and backwards compatibility when he returned to Apple.

jonhendry 16y ago

Incidentally, I just contacted ColorWare to suggest that they offer "NeXT Black", the paint used on the Cube, as an option. I found the paint specification online in an old NeXT document for developers of NeXTBus expansion cards for the Cube. (http://www.nextcomputers.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=136&start=0&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=&sid=62ead926ef12dc8217c7c736a256980e http://www.nextcomputers.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=136&...) Yes, 3rd party hardware developers were expected to make sure the card-end panel face matched the cube's color, rather than being unsightly bare steel.