Actually the interchange does not vary per issuer. It can vary per card type (pre-paid, debit or credit), card level (basic or signature/elite, etc.), type of

Actually the interchange does not vary per issuer. It can vary per card type (pre-paid, debit or credit), card level (basic or signature/elite, etc.), type of transaction (CNP or present), Merchant type (supermarket, airlines, etc.) and some other rules, depending on the scheme and the region (US, Europe, etc.). For instance the Interchange (to be paid to the Issuer) when a US issued MasterCard Debit Card is used in Gas Station is 0.70% US$ + 0.17 with a cap of US$ 0.95, but when used in a Restaurant is 1.19% + US$ 0.10 without caps. Visa: https://usa.visa.com/dam/VCOM/download/about-visa/visa-rules-public.pdf https://usa.visa.com/dam/VCOM/download/about-visa/visa-rules... MasterCard: https://www.mastercard.us/content/dam/mccom/en-us/documents/MasterCard_Interchange_Rates_and_Criteria%202015-16.pdf https://www.mastercard.us/content/dam/mccom/en-us/documents/... What can vary from issuer to issuer is the processor/network costs.